(draft: not for distribution or quotation.)
Fifty years after my stint as a zookeeper, I returned to my Boston zoo and took stock of animal welfare advances in zoos and in labs. I close my book with my manifesto of the work we still need to do, sooner rather than later. I list my priorities for legal reforms that will bring more animals under the protections of our Animal Welfare Act, and that will push ethics committees to go beyond their current narrow focus on preventing pain and distress. I call for a more expansive vision of the life animals in our labs deserve. I push to find ways to bring in more voices and perspectives to limit animal experiments exclusively to high quality science that will produce knowledge for important matters of human, animal, and environmental health. I want the medical advances that still require some animal testing, but only if we can do better by the animals in our labs.